CIVILISATIONS TIMELINE
Prehistoric :(100000 BCE - 3000 BCE)
Ariana :(3500 BCE - 1500 BCE)
Indus Valley :(3300 BCE - 1300 BCE)
Helmand :(3200 BCE - 1800 BCE)
Oxus (BMAC) :(2300 BCE - 1700 BCE)
Achaemenid :(550 BCE - 330 BCE)
Greco-Bactrian :(250 BCE - 125 BCE)
Gandhara :(0 CE - 400 CE)
Kushan :(30 CE - 375 CE)
Sassanian Empire :(224 CE - 651 CE)
Hephthalites :(400 CE - 500 CE)
Islamic Caliphate :(600 CE - 800 CE)
Samanid dynasty :(819 CE - 999 CE)
Tahirid dynasty :(821 CE - 873 CE)
Saffarid dynasty :(861 CE - 1003 CE)
Ghurid Empire :(879 CE - 1215 CE)
Ghaznavid Empire :(971 CE - 1186 CE)
Delhi Sultanate :(1206 CE - 1526 CE)
Timurid dynasty :(1220 CE - 1500 CE)
Mughol dynasty :(1526 CE - 1858 CE)
Durrani empire :(1747 CE - 1826 CE)
Barekzai dynasty :(1826 CE - 1929 CE)
Mohamadzai dynasty :(1929 CE - 1978 CE)
Present :(1929 CE - 2025 CE)

Registration :
REG-3b6146c985344d48
Name of the site:
Site type :
Mound

Location :
Kabul، Kabul
Discovery date :
01 January 1933
Discovered by:
French archaeologists from the DAFA institute

Civilisation Era:
Kushan 30 CE - 375 CE :
Archaeological Era :
Historical Era, Classical Age
Historical Era :
Classical Antiquity

Researcher:
Sidiq Wafa
Last update :
01 January 1933

1- Exact Geographical Location

Tapa Narenj is located in the east of Kabul, near Tapa Maranjan. This historical site lies in the foothills of Koh-e Sher Darwaza and is considered one of the most significant Buddhist archaeological sites in Afghanistan.

2- Latitude and Longitude Coordinates

Tapa Narenj is located at 34.5100° N latitude and 69.1920° E longitude.

3- Historical Background

Tapa Narenj is one of the Buddhist architectural relics in Kabul, attributed to the Kushan period (around the 2nd or 3rd century CE). In the past, this site served as a Buddhist monastery, functioning as a place of worship and meditation for Buddhist monks. Artifacts discovered at the site suggest that during the Kushan and later the Hephthalite periods, Tapa Narenj was a significant religious and educational center.

In later centuries, with the spread of Islam in the region, the site lost its importance and gradually fell into ruin. In modern times, archaeological excavations have unveiled its historical and cultural significance.

4- Architectural Features

The discovered structures at Tapa Narenj include Buddhist monasteries, stupas, and prayer halls. These buildings were constructed using clay, stone, and baked bricks and were adorned with plaster decorations and murals. Additionally, some remnants of Buddhist statues have been found, resembling the artifacts of Bamiyan and Mes Aynak.

5- Cultural Significance

Tapa Narenj is one of the most important Buddhist heritage sites in Afghanistan, representing the grandeur of the Kushan period and the influence of Buddhist culture in the region. This site once served as a religious, cultural, and educational center of great importance.

Furthermore, Tapa Narenj is regarded as one of Afghanistan’s cultural treasures, showcasing the country’s role in Central Asian history and cultural exchanges between civilizations.

6- Discoverer and Year of Discovery

Tapa Narenj was first examined by French archaeologists from the DAFA institute in 1933 CE. Subsequent excavations were conducted by Afghan and international archaeologists in the latter half of the 20th century. In recent years, further studies have been carried out to preserve and protect this historical site.

Tapa Narenj is not only an archaeological monument but also a testament to Afghanistan’s rich ancient history, ensuring its importance for future generations.

Images / Maps credits: