Maranjan Hill
1- Exact Geographical Location
Maranjan Hill is located in the eastern part of Kabul city, in the Bini Hisar area, near Babur’s Garden. This hill is one of the most significant archaeological sites in Kabul, where valuable historical artifacts have been discovered.
2- Latitude and Longitude
Maranjan Hill is situated at 34.5250° N latitude and 69.2000° E longitude.
3- Historical Background
The history of this hill dates back to the Kushan era, making it one of the most important Buddhist-era historical sites in Afghanistan. Excavations have uncovered various artifacts, including Kushan-period coins and Buddhist statues, indicating the importance of this site in ancient times. Some of these artifacts have been precisely dated to the 2nd and 3rd centuries CE.
4- Architectural Features
Maranjan Hill contains the remains of a large Buddhist stupa, which was once a significant religious center in the region. The architecture of this stupa closely resembles other Kushan-era stupas, featuring a circular base, thick mudbrick walls, and decorative plasterwork, some of which are still visible in parts of the hill.
5- Cultural Significance
Maranjan Hill is considered one of the most important historical landmarks of Kabul and Afghanistan. The discoveries made at this site provide valuable insights into the presence of great civilizations in the region and its religious and cultural importance throughout history. Additionally, these findings contribute to a better understanding of Afghanistan’s role in the Silk Road trade network.
6- Name of the Discoverer and Year of Discovery
The first archaeological excavations at Maranjan Hill were conducted in 1933 CE by French archaeologists led by Joseph Hackin. During these excavations, Buddhist statues, Kushan coins, and other valuable artifacts were discovered, many of which are now preserved in the National Museum of Afghanistan.
Maranjan Hill is one of Afghanistan’s great historical and cultural treasures, showcasing the rich civilization that flourished in this land during ancient times. This site is not only of great archaeological significance but is also recognized as an essential part of Afghanistan’s national identity.