CIVILISATIONS TIMELINE
Prehistoric :(100000 BCE - 3000 BCE)
Ariana :(3500 BCE - 1500 BCE)
Indus Valley :(3300 BCE - 1300 BCE)
Helmand :(3200 BCE - 1800 BCE)
Oxus (BMAC) :(2300 BCE - 1700 BCE)
Achaemenid :(550 BCE - 330 BCE)
Greco-Bactrian :(250 BCE - 125 BCE)
Gandhara :(0 CE - 400 CE)
Kushan :(30 CE - 375 CE)
Sassanian Empire :(224 CE - 651 CE)
Hephthalites :(400 CE - 500 CE)
Islamic Caliphate :(600 CE - 800 CE)
Samanid dynasty :(819 CE - 999 CE)
Tahirid dynasty :(821 CE - 873 CE)
Saffarid dynasty :(861 CE - 1003 CE)
Ghurid Empire :(879 CE - 1215 CE)
Ghaznavid Empire :(971 CE - 1186 CE)
Delhi Sultanate :(1206 CE - 1526 CE)
Timurid dynasty :(1220 CE - 1500 CE)
Mughol dynasty :(1526 CE - 1858 CE)
Durrani empire :(1747 CE - 1826 CE)
Barekzai dynasty :(1826 CE - 1929 CE)
Mohamadzai dynasty :(1929 CE - 1978 CE)
Present :(1929 CE - 2025 CE)

Citadel of Kabul

Registration :
REG-64be7551119349a4
Name of the site:
Citadel of Kabul
Site type :
Citadel

Location :
Kabul، Kabul
Discovery date :
Discovered by:

Civilisation Era:
Mughol dynasty 1526 CE - 1858 CE :
Archaeological Era :
Historical Era, Early Modern Age
Historical Era :
Modern History

Researcher:
Saif Fazel
Last update :

Citadel of Kabul, Bala Hissar is one of Afghanistan's most important and historic fortifications, playing a unique role in the history of this land. The fortress is recognized as a symbol of Afghanistan's power, culture, and history.

1- Exact Geographical Location

Bala Hissar is located in the southeastern part of Kabul, near Kuh-e-Sher Darwaza (Lion’s Gate Mountain), situated on a high hill. This strategic location provided the fortress with a wide view of the entire city of Kabul.

2- Latitude and Longitude

Bala Hissar Fortress is located at a latitude of 34.5031°N and longitude of 69.1827°E.

3- Historical Background

Bala Hissar is one of the oldest fortifications in Afghanistan, dating back to the 5th century CE. Over different periods, the fortress served as the residence of Afghan rulers. During the reign of Amir Abdur Rahman Khan (1897 CE), the fortress was extensively rebuilt. Throughout its history, it has witnessed numerous battles and changes, playing a significant role in the defense of Kabul.

4- Architectural Features

The architecture of Bala Hissar reflects the military and strategic power of its time. The fortress was divided into two sections: the upper section served as the command center and royal residence, while the lower section was designed for soldiers and military storage. The fortress is characterized by its tall and sturdy walls, protective towers, and strong gates.

5- Cultural Importance

Bala Hissar is considered one of the most important symbols of Afghanistan's national and historical identity. The fortress held not only military significance but also cultural and political importance. As a center for key historical and political decisions, Bala Hissar holds a special place in the collective memory of the Afghan people.

6- Discoverer and Year of Rediscovery

Bala Hissar was never completely forgotten, but modern archaeological research about it began in the mid-20th century. In 2016 CE, projects for restoration and research were initiated by Afghan specialists in collaboration with international organizations.

Bala Hissar Fortress, as one of Afghanistan's cultural treasures, continues to remind us of the grandeur and civilization of this land, holding an important historical and strategic place in the country’s history.

Images / Maps credits:
  1. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Afghan_fort_%2860_of_69%29.jpg